Her3 / ErbB3 blocking peptide Reference: GTX89440-PEP This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This membrane-bound protein has a neuregulin binding domain but not an active kinase domain. It therefore can bind this ligand but not convey the signal into the cell through protein phosphorylation. However, it does form heterodimers with other EGF receptor family members which do have kinase activity. Heterodimerization leads to the activation of pathways which lead to cell proliferation or differentiation. Amplification of this gene and/or overexpression of its protein have been reported in numerous cancers, including prostate, bladder, and breast tumors. Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized. One isoform lacks the intermembrane region and is secreted outside the cell. This form acts to modulate the activity of the membrane-bound form. Additional splice variants have also been reported, but they have not been thoroughly characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 28]
Recombinant Human Visfatin Reference: GFH50-1000 Visfatin is an adipokine produced by visceral adipose tissue. Visfatin acts as a pro-inflammatory factor for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mimics the effects of insulin on adipocytes, monocytes and hepatocytes.
GATA1 blocking peptide Reference: GTX89442-PEP This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors. The protein plays an important role in erythroid development by regulating the switch of fetal hemoglobin to adult hemoglobin. Mutations in this gene have been associated with X-linked dyserythropoietic anemia and thrombocytopenia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 28]
PODS® Empty Reference: PPH302-50 PODS® Empty crystals are composed solely of polyhedrin protein which self-assembles into regular, cubic crystals. Thus, these PODS® co-crystals do not contain any cargo protein, in contrast to other PODS® growth factor products, and are intended to be used as negative controls alongside cargo-containing PODS® co-crystals. The cross-reactivity of PODS® Empty crystals has been tested on a variety of cells including mouse ES cells, PC12, fibroblasts, and ETS embryos, and there was no observable interference with the tested cells. Additionally, in-vivo data indicate no inflammatory response to PODS® Empty crystals in animals.
Klotho blocking peptide Reference: GTX89443-PEP This gene encodes a type-I membrane protein that is related to beta-glucosidases. Reduced production of this protein has been observed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), and this may be one of the factors underlying the degenerative processes (e.g., arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis, and skin atrophy) seen in CRF. Also, mutations within this protein have been associated with ageing and bone loss. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 28]
PODS® Human Activin A Reference: PPH6-50 The product contains the polyhedrin protein co-crystalized with Human Activin A. Activin A is a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins with a wide range of biological activities. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin beta A chains. Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.
VPS37C blocking peptide Reference: GTX89444-PEP VPS37C is a subunit of ESCRT-I (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), a complex in the class E vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) pathway required for sorting ubiquitinated transmembrane proteins into internal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (Eastman et al., 25 [PubMed 1559564]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 28]
PODS® Human Activin A Reference: PPH6-250 The product contains the polyhedrin protein co-crystalized with Human Activin A. Activin A is a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins with a wide range of biological activities. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin beta A chains. Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.
VPS45 (Internal) blocking peptide Reference: GTX89447-PEP Vesicle mediated protein sorting plays an important role in segregation of intracellular molecules into distinct organelles. Genetic studies in yeast have identified more than 4 vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) genes involved in vesicle transport to vacuoles. This gene is a member of the Sec1 domain family, and shows a high degree of sequence similarity to mouse, rat and yeast Vps45. The exact function of this gene is not known, but its high expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells suggests a role in trafficking proteins, including inflammatory mediators. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 28]
PODS® Human Activin A Reference: PPH6-1000 The product contains the polyhedrin protein co-crystalized with Human Activin A. Activin A is a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins with a wide range of biological activities. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin beta A chains. Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.
DAZL blocking peptide Reference: GTX89448-PEP The DAZ (Deleted in AZoospermia) gene family encodes potential RNA binding proteins that are expressed in prenatal and postnatal germ cells of males and females. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of fetal germ cells and to the cytoplasm of developing oocytes. In the testis, this protein is localized to the nucleus of spermatogonia but relocates to the cytoplasm during meiosis where it persists in spermatids and spermatozoa. Transposition and amplification of this autosomal gene during primate evolution gave rise to the DAZ gene cluster on the Y chromosome. Mutations in this gene have been linked to severe spermatogenic failure and infertility in males. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 21]
PODS® Mouse Activin A Reference: PPM29-50 The product contains the polyhedrin protein co-crystalized with Mouse Activin A. Activin A is a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins with a wide range of biological activities. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin beta A chains. Mouse Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with human, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.