Recombinant Loxosceles intermedia Phospholipase D LiSicTox-alphaIA1a

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lyso-platelet activating factor but not that of phosphatidylcholine. Shows a high enzymatic activity. Induces dermonecrosis, blood vessel permeability and platelet aggregation. Causes direct nephrotoxicity and is directly toxic to liver (PubMed:18765244). Also induces hemolysis in a complement-dependent manner as well as in a complement-independent manner. The hemolysis provoked in a complement-independent manner is composed of several steps. The toxin binds to erythrocyte membranes, hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids thus generating metabolism products that cause hemolysis, probably by provoking an increase of calcium inside cells. The calcium influx is due to the opening of L-type calcium channels, since L-type calcium channel blockers inhibit calcium influx.