Recombinant human TNF-alpha protein

TNFalpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha) is produced by immune and epithelial cells. It plays important roles in regulating inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response. It exerts its function mainly by binding of two cell surface receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2. Treating cells with TNFalpha activates the NFkappaB, MAPK, and apoptotic signaling pathways. The recombinant GST-TNFalpha protein consists of a N-terminal GT tag with the C-terminal extracellular domain (amino acids 77-233) of full length TNFalpha. It can be used for pulldown assays. It binds TNFR1 and TNFR2 to induce downstream signaling pathways, but often requires higher concentrations than TNFalpha (catalog # U1120).