DNA Loading Buffer with TRIS and EDTA (6x) (Blue) Reference: IAX-900-008 Used for monitoring migration rates during agarose electrophoresis and loading samples onto DNA agarose gels. Coloured loading for easy recognition Reproducible results No need to add dye The DNA Loading Buffer with TRIS and EDTA (6x) (Blue) contains bromophenol blue and xylene cyanol FF as tracking dyes, which are not fluorescent and might otherwise interfere with DNA UV detection. Tracking dye helps to track the progression of gel electrophoresis and the sample loading process in the well. Bromophenol blue (C19H10Br4O5S; Molar mass – 669.96 g/mol) is a weak acid with a light pink to purple colour. The colour of the aqueous solution of bromophenol blue is pH-dependent. Bromophenol blue solution appears yellow at pH 3.0, purple at pH 4.6, and blue at neutral pH. Xylene cyanol FF (C25H27N2NaO6S2; Molar mass - 538.61 gram/mol) is dark green in colour. Both tracking dyes, bromophenol blue and Xylene cyanol FF, are soluble in water and carry net negative charge at neutral or slightly basic pH of the electrophoresis buffer. The net negative charge on Xylene cyanol FF is less than bromophenol blue, resulting in bromophenol blue moving faster than xylene cyanol in agarose gel. The percentage of agarose in gels affects the moving position of bromophenol blue and xylene cyanol FF in the gel. The bromophenol blue and xylene cyanol FF co-migrates with ~350 bp and ~3500 bp DNA fragments in 1% agarose gel respectively. Glycerol provides high density to the solution, so the DNA samples settle at the bottom of the well. It also helps DNA samples to be confined in the well without diffusing out. EDTA binds divalent metal ions and inhibits metal-dependent nucleases. A high concentration of dye provides a very good contrast colour, which is easy to monitor upon electrophoresis progression. However, high dye concentration may partially mask the low abundant co-migrating DNA fragments.
HEPES Buffer (50mM) with NaCl [Sodium Chloride] (150mM) Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-009 HEPES Buffer (50mM) with NaCl [Sodium Chloride] (150mM) Endotoxin-free (sterile) is a balanced salt solution used for a wide range of applications (cell culture, washing cells, transporting cells or tissue).
NaCl [Sodium Chloride] (1.5M) Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-010 NaCl [Sodium Chloride] (1.5M) Endotoxin-free (sterile) is used to prepare balanced salt solutions (e.g. 150mM) for cell culture, washing cells, transporting cells or tissue, diluting cells for counting, and preparing other laboratory reagents). Dilute with sterile endotoxin-free Water (IAX-900-002).
TRIS Buffer (1.5M) Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-011 Solubilisation and storage buffer for DNA and preparing other laboratory buffer reagents. Dilute with sterile endotoxin-free Water (IAX-900-002).
TRIS Buffer (30mM) with NaCl [Sodium Chloride] (150mM) Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-012 TRIS Buffer (30mM) with NaCl (150mM) Endotoxin-free (sterile) is a balanced salt solution used for a wide range of applications (cell culture, washing cells, transporting cells or tissue, diluting cells for counting, and preparing other laboratory reagents).
PBS with Magnesium and Calcium Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-013 PBS with Magnesium and Calcium Endotoxin-free (sterile) is a balanced salt solution used for a wide range of applications (cell culture, washing cells, transporting cells or tissue, diluting cells for counting, and preparing other laboratory reagents).
ddWater with 0.9% Benzyl Alcohol [Bacteriostatic Water] Endotoxin-free (sterile) Reference: IAX-900-014 Bacteriostatic water is a sterile water solution that contains a small amount (typically 0.9%) of benzyl alcohol, which inhibits the growth of bacteria. This type of water is commonly used as a diluent for drugs, particularly those intended for injection.
KUNB31 Reference: AG-CR1-3758 KUNB31 is an isoform-selective potent inhibitor of HSP90beta with an IC50 value of 180 nM and > 50-fold selectivity over the isoforms HSP90alpha and GRP94. KUNB31 was shown to induce the degradation of HSP90beta-dependent client proteins, but not those of Hsp90alpha and GRP94. It showed anti-proliferative activity against NCI H23 (non-small cell lung cancer), UC3 (bladder cancer) and HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma) cells. KUNB31 specificly induces the degradation of HSP90beta-dependent client proteins (EGFR, HER2, CDK4, CDK6, CXCR4 etc.) in cells. Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an abundant protein involved in many cellular signaling processes, including inflammation. HSP90 binds NLRP3 and regulates inflammasome activation and IL-1beta secretion. HSP90 inhibitors are used to inhibit NLRP3-dependent inflammation and study inflammasome responses in disease. Recently, it has been shown that while NLRP3 WT does not need HSP90beta, mutated NLRP3 proteins (except E567K) that are autoactivated and responsible for the disease cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) need the chaperone HSP90beta during their autoactivation. KUNB31 is used as a selective HSP90beta inhibitor in such NLRP3 inflammasome studies to inhibit NLRP3 activity.